Imvano y’amakimbirane akomeye hagati y’u Rwanda na RDC mu muryango wa CEEAC

📍 Kigali, 8 Kamena 2025 — Mu itangazo riremereye ryashyizwe ahabona na Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga y’u Rwanda, Leta y’u Rwanda yatangaje ko yikuye burundu muri CEEAC (Communauté Économique des États de l’Afrique Centrale) cyangwa Umuryango w’Ubukungu w’Ibihugu byo muri Afurika yo Hagati, ishinja Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) kuwuhindura igikoresho cya politiki, binyuranyije n’amategeko awugenga.

Iri tangazo ryasohowe ku munsi wateranyeho Inama ya 26 isanzwe y’uyu muryango yabereye i Malabo muri Guinée Équatoriale, rirasobanura ko uburenganzira bw’u Rwanda bwo kuyobora uyu muryango muri manda yagombaga kugenda ku buryo bw’izunguruka (présidence rotative), nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 6 y’amasezerano yawo, bwateshejwe agaciro ku bushake bwa RDC, ifashijwe n’ibindi bihugu bidatangajwe amazina.

“U Rwanda rwanditse mbere rwerekana impungenge zarwo, ubwo rwavugaga ko rwavanywe mu nama ya 22 yabereye i Kinshasa mu 2023 binyuranyije n’amategeko, ariko CEEAC ntiyigeze igira icyo ikora,”.

Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga y’u Rwanda yakomeje igira iti: “Kuba ubuyobozi bwa CEEAC bwirengagije ibirimo gukorwa na RDC, byatumye uyu muryango unyuranya n’intego n’indangagaciro zawo, bityo nta mpamvu u Rwanda rubona yo gukomeza kuwugumamo.”

Amavu n’amavuko ya CEEAC n’uruhare rw’u Rwanda

CEEAC yashinzwe mu mwaka wa 1983 mu rwego rwo guhuza ubukungu bw’ibihugu bya Afurika yo Hagati no guteza imbere ubucuruzi bw’imbere mu karere. Ibihugu bigize uyu muryango ni: Angola, Burundi, Cameroun, RCA, Tchad, Congo Brazzaville, Guinée Équatoriale, Gabon, São Tomé & Príncipe na RDC. U Rwanda rwinjiye muri uyu muryango mu mwaka wa 2008, nyuma yo kuva mu wundi muryango wa CEPGL wari waracitse intege.

Mu myaka ya vuba, CEEAC yagiye itungwa agatoki kuba idakora neza no kudafasha ibihugu byayo kugera ku ntego z’ubukungu n’umutekano. Imbogamizi zikomeye zagiye zitangwa zirimo:

• Kudasaranganya ubuyobozi mu buryo bungana, hakaba ibihugu bikomeje kubaho nk’ibikomeye birimo RDC na Guinée Équatoriale,
• Kutagira uruhare rugaragara mu gukemura amakimbirane yo mu karere, nko mu Burundi, RCA ndetse n’i Burasirazuba bwa RDC,
• Ibibazo by’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’imyanzuro y’inama, aho ibisabwa bihora mu nyandiko gusa ntibishyirwe mu bikorwa.

Ubusumbane mu miyoborere n’inkomoko y’impaka hagati ya RDC n’u Rwanda

U Rwanda rumaze imyaka myinshi rushinja RDC gukoresha impamvu za politiki ku rwego mpuzamahanga mu rwego rwo kuruharabika, cyane cyane bijyanye n’intambara ikomeje mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC. Muri iyo ntambara, RDC ishinja u Rwanda gufasha umutwe wa M23, ibyo u Rwanda rwahakanye kenshi. Mu kwezi kwa Mutarama 2025, ubushyamirane bwafashe indi ntera ubwo ingabo za FARDC zarwanaga n’iza M23, inkundura y’imirwano ikagwamo abaturage benshi. Amakuru ya vuba aherutse gutangazwa na AFC/M23 avuga ko hapfuyemo abantu 874 mu mirwano yo mu nkengero za Goma, ariko Leta ya RDC ikabyamaganira kure.

Ni muri urwo rwego, u Rwanda rwavuze ko kuba RDC ishyirwa imbere no kugira ijambo rikomeye muri CEEAC, binyuranye n’amahame y’ubunyamuryango n’iyubahirizwa ry’amasezerano. Guhabwa ubuyobozi ku buryo budasobanutse no kwimwa uburenganzira bwo kuyobora nk’uko byari biteganyijwe, ni byo byatumye u Rwanda rwiyambura ubunyamuryango.

Imibare y’ubukungu n’uruhare rwa CEEAC muri Afurika

Nk’uko imibare ya Banki y’Isi n’Ikigega Mpuzamahanga (IMF) ibigaragaza:

• GDP y’ibi bihugu byose bya CEEAC mu 2024 yari hafi $800 miliyari, aho Angola, Cameroun na RDC bifite umusanzu munini.
• U Rwanda, nirwo ruto mu bukungu ugereranyije, rwinjiza hagati ya $500 miliyoni na $800 miliyoni ku mwaka mu bucuruzi bwo mu karere, cyane cyane binyuze mu buhahirane n’ibihugu nka Congo Brazzaville, Cameroun na Gabon.
• Ibihugu byinshi muri CEEAC bifite ikibazo cy’ubucuruzi bushingiye ku bikomoka kuri peteroli gusa, bigatuma umuryango udakora nk’isoko rigari ry’imikoranire ya serivisi, inganda n’ikoranabuhanga.

Ibitekerezo mpuzamahanga ku cyemezo cy’u Rwanda

Nyuma y’itangazo ry’u Rwanda, bamwe mu basesenguzi mpuzamahanga n’abanyapolitiki batangiye kugaragaza ibitekerezo byabo.

• Prof. Jean-Guy Moukoko, inzobere mu mitegekere y’akarere ka Afurika yo Hagati, yabwiye Jeune Afrique ati: “Ibi ni ibisobanura ko ubudasa bwa CEEAC burimo kuzamura urwikekwe hagati y’ibihugu bimwe na bimwe. Kuba u Rwanda rutera intambwe nk’iyi, bigaragaza ko ibibazo by’imiyoborere muri uyu muryango byarushijeho kwigaragaza.”
• Ambasaderi Fatou Bensouda, wigeze kuba Umushinjacyaha Mukuru wa ICC, yanditse kuri X (Twitter) ati: “Intambwe nk’iyi igaragaza ko hari ikibazo cy’imikoranire mu karere. Icyakorwa ni ugusubira ku mizi y’ihuriro, aho ibihugu byose bifite ijambo ringana.”

Nta gihugu cyari cyatangaza ku mugaragaro icyo kibitekerezaho, uretse RDC yakomeje gutangaza ko u Rwanda “rwigiza nkana”.

Icyerekezo cy’u Rwanda nyuma yo kuva muri CEEAC

Kuva u Rwanda rwiteguye gukomeza ubuhahirane mu buryo bwagutse n’indi miryango irimo:

• EAC (Umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba),
• COMESA (Umuryango w’Ibihugu bikorana ubucuruzi muri Afurika yo hagati n’Iburasirazuba),
• ndetse no kwinjiza ishoramari riturutse ku masoko rusange nka AfCFTA (African Continental Free Trade Area).

Kugendera kuri CEEAC byari bibaye umuzigo ku Rwanda bitewe n’uko uyu muryango utari kugaragaza ubushake bwo gukemura amakimbirane y’imbere mu karere no kubahiriza amahame yawushingiyeho.

Icyemezo cy’u Rwanda cyo kuva muri CEEAC ni ikimenyetso cy’uko imikoranire y’akarere igomba gushingira ku bwubahane no kubahiriza amategeko agenga umuryango. Mu gihe hakomeje kurushaho gukara amakimbirane hagati ya Kigali na Kinshasa, ikibazwa ni ukumenya niba aya makimbirane atari buhindure isura y’imikoranire y’akarere kose mu buryo buhoraho.

Inkuru yateguwe na: Bizimana Désiré
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