Amerika yagize ubwoba ijyana ibirindiro bikuru iyoboreramo intambara ya Iran I Burayi

Ikinyamakuru The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) cyatangaje ko Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zimaze kwimurira i Burayi ibice by’ingenzi bigize ubuyobozi n’igenzura (command and control) bikoreshwa mu gutegura no kuyobora ibikorwa bya gisirikare bishobora guyerwa kuri Iran, mu rwego rwo kubishyira kure y’ibisasu bya misile za balistike Iran ishobora kurasa.

Iyi gahunda ngo igamije kurinda “ubwonko” bw’ibikorwa bya Amerika mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, cyane ko Washington igaragaza ko Iran ifite ubushobozi bwo gutahura amakuru (intelligence) no gutera ibisasu bifite ubuhanga bwo kugwa aho bigenewe (precision strikes).

Impamvu Amerika yimuriye ubuyobozi i Burayi

Raporo ya WSJ ivuga ko Amerika yabonye ko ibigo byayo bikomeye biri mu bihugu birimo Qatar na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu (UAE), biri mu ntera nto uvuye kuri Iran ku buryo bishobora guterwa ibisasu mu buryo bworoshye.

Bimwe mu birindiro bikomeye Amerika isanzwe ikoresha nka:

• Al-Udeid (Qatar)
• Al-Dhafra (UAE)

ngo ubu bifatwa nk’ibiri hafi cyane ya Iran, ku buryo ubuyobozi bukuru bw’ingabo n’abatekinisiye bashobora guhura n’ibitero bya misile cyangwa drones zidahenze.

Abasesenguzi bavuga ko iyi ari intambwe yerekana ko Amerika yemera ko Iran ishobora gutera ibitero bigera kure kandi bigakorwa mu buryo buhanitse.

Uko ingabo za Amerika ziri gutunganywa mu Burayi

Raporo ivuga ko Washington yatangiye gukwirakwiza ibikorwa byayo mu bice bitandukanye by’u Burayi, aho buri gihugu cyahawe inshingano zihariye mu mikorere y’ibikorwa bya gisirikare.

1. U Budage (Ramstein): Igicumbi cy’ubuyobozi bukuru

Mu kigo cya Ramstein Air Base mu Budage, ngo ni ho hashyizwe centre y’ingenzi igenzura ibikorwa byose bya Amerika bijyanye n’ikorwa ry’ibitero kuri Iran, harimo no guhuza ibikorwa by’indege zitagira abapilote (drones) zishobora kugaba ibitero.

Ramstein isanzwe ari kimwe mu bigo by’ingenzi Amerika ikoresha mu Burayi, cyane mu bijyanye no kuyobora ibikorwa bya gisirikare no gucunga itumanaho rikomeye.

2. Ubwongereza (Fairford): Indege z’intambara ziremereye

Mu Bwongereza, kuri RAF Fairford, ngo ni ho Amerika iri gushyira bombardiers stratégiques, ni ukuvuga indege nini z’intambara zishobora gutwara ibisasu bikomeye, zirimo n’ibisasu bikorerwa mu ntera ndende.

Aha ni ho hashobora kuba igice cy’ingenzi cy’ibitero by’indege, mu gihe habaho umwanzuro wo kugaba ibitero bikomeye kuri Iran.

3. U Bugereki (Suda Bay): Iperereza rihoraho

Ku kirwa cya Crete mu Bugereki, kuri Suda Bay, ngo hashyizwe indege z’ubutasi zo mu bwoko bwa RC-135 Rivet Joint, zizwiho gukusanya amakuru y’itumanaho n’indi myitwarire y’ingabo z’abanzi.

Izi ndege ngo zifasha Amerika gukomeza gukurikirana inkombe za Iran no kumenya ibikorwa byose bishobora kuba biri gutegurwa.

4. U Butaliyani n’Ubufaransa: Ravitaillement mu kirere

Mu Butaliyani no mu Bufaransa, ahavugwa Aviano na Toubize, ngo hari ibikorwa byo gushyigikira indege mu kirere hongerwamo lisansi (air-to-air refueling).

Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu gihe indege z’intambara ziba zigomba gukora urugendo rurerure ziva i Burayi zigana mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, cyangwa zikava mu nyanja ya Méditerranée zigana hafi ya Iran.

5. Portugal (Açores – Lajes): Ikigo gikomeye cy’ibikoresho

Ku kirwa cya Açores muri Portugal, kuri Lajes Air Base, ngo hamaze guhindurwa ikigo kinini cy’ibikoresho (logistics hub).

WSJ ivuga ko aha hashobora gukoreshwa mu kwakira no kohereza indege nyinshi, harimo n’izitwara abasirikare, ibikoresho by’intambara n’ibikoresho by’ubutasi.

6. Romania: ibikorwa by’ubutasi n’ibikoresho

Raporo kandi ivuga ko muri Romania hari koherezwa ibikoresho bijyanye n’iperereza n’ubufasha bw’ibikorwa bya gisirikare, nubwo itavuze mu buryo burambuye ibyo bikoresho ari byo.

Abakurikirana ibya gisirikare bavuga ko Romania ifite umwanya w’ingenzi kuko iri hafi y’Inyanja y’Umukara, ikaba ishobora gukoreshwa mu bikorwa by’igenzura n’itumanaho.

Kujyana ubuyobozi kure ya Iran: Intera ya kilometero zirenga 2,500

WSJ ivuga ko igitekerezo nyamukuru ari ukujyanira ubuyobozi kure, mu ntera iri hagati ya kilometero 2,500 na 3,000 uvuye kuri Iran.

Ibi bivuze ko Iran yagira ikibazo gikomeye mu kugaba igitero cyihuse kuri ibyo bigo bikomeye, cyangwa ngo ibashe kubisenya mu buryo bworoshye nk’uko byashobokaga iyo byaba bikiri muri Qatar cyangwa UAE.

Iran ishobora gutera ahantu kure?

Mu myaka ishize, Iran yagiye igaragaza ubushobozi bwo kurasa misile zigerera kure, harimo n’ibitero byagiye bikorwa ku birindiro bitandukanye mu karere.

Byongeye, Iran isanzwe izwiho gukorana n’imitwe ifite drones n’ibisasu byoroshye, bikaba byarateye impungenge ko ibigo bya Amerika biri mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati bishobora guterwa bitabaye ngombwa gukoresha misile zihenze.

Ibi bivuze iki ku mutekano w’akarere?

Kuba Amerika yimuriye ubuyobozi bwayo i Burayi bifatwa nk’ikimenyetso cy’uko:

• Washington ishaka kwitegura intambara ishobora kwaduka
• Amerika yemera ko Iran ishobora gutera ibitero bikomeye kandi bigategurwa neza
• ibikorwa byo kurinda abayobozi n’ibigo bikomeye by’ingabo biri gushyirwa imbere

Ibi kandi bishobora kongera igitutu mu mubano usanzwe utameze neza hagati ya Amerika na Iran, cyane ko impande zombi zikomeje gushinjanya umugambi wo guhungabanya umutekano w’akarere.

Impungenge ku bihugu byakiriye ibyo bikorwa

Kwakira ibikorwa bya gisirikare bya Amerika byimuriwe i Burayi bishobora gutuma:

• ibihugu byakiriye ibyo bigo bihinduka ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa
• habaho igitutu cya dipolomasi hagati y’u Burayi na Iran
• umutekano w’akarere ka Méditerranée n’u Burayi wiyongera mu kwitabwaho

Abasesenguzi bavuga ko u Burayi bushobora kwisanga mu mwanya ukomeye, kuko nubwo ibi bikorwa bigamije kurinda Amerika, bishobora kongera umwuka mubi mu mubano wa Iran n’ibihugu bimwe by’i Burayi.

Mu gihe umwuka mubi ukomeje kwiyongera hagati ya Washington na Tehran, iyi gahunda yo kwimura ibigo by’ubuyobozi i Burayi igaragaza ko Amerika iri gukora uko ishoboye ngo irinde ibice bikomeye biyobora ibikorwa byayo, bityo ibitero bya Iran ntibibashe guhungabanya uburyo Amerika igenzura intambara n’iperereza mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati.

Ikinyamakuru WSJ kivuga ko iyi gahunda ari intambwe ifatika yo gutegura uburyo bwo gukora ibikorwa bya gisirikare, ariko kandi ikaba ikimenyetso cy’uko Amerika ifata Iran nk’igihugu gifite ubushobozi bukomeye mu rwego rwa misile, drones n’iperereza.