Minembwe yongeye kuba isibaniro ry’imirwano ikaze

Mu misozi miremire igize agace ka Minembwe mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), hongeye kumvikana urusaku rw’imbunda n’ibisasu bikomeye kuva mu mpera z’icyumweru gishize. Amakuru aturuka muri ako gace avuga ko habaye imirwano ikaze ihanganishije ingabo za Leta ya Congo (FARDC), zifatanyije n’imitwe ya Wazalendo ndetse n’ingabo z’u Burundi, ku ruhande rumwe, n’umutwe wa Twirwaneho ufitanye isano ya hafi na M23 ku rundi ruhande.

Ibice byibasiwe n’imirwano

Abaturage bo mu midugudu ya Kakenge, Rugezi, Kalingi na Point Zéro bavuga ko babonye ibitero birimo gukoresha intwaro ziremereye ndetse n’indege za gisirikare. Hari abemeza ko ibisasu byaguye mu duce dutuwe n’abasivili, bigateza impfu n’imvune, nubwo imibare y’abahitanywe n’iyo mirwano itaremezwa n’inzego zigenga.

Umwe mu baturage wahungiye mu mashyamba yagize ati: “Imirwano yatangiye mu gitondo kare. Twumvise ibisasu byinshi, abantu bariruka barahunga. Nta muntu uzi neza umubare w’abapfuye cyangwa abakomeretse.”

Kugeza ubu, nta tangazo rirambuye riratangazwa ku mugaragaro n’ubuyobozi bwa gisirikare bwa RDC cyangwa u Burundi ku by’iyo mirwano.

Minembwe mu makimbirane amaze igihe

Agace ka Minembwe gatuwe ahanini n’Abanyamulenge, kamaze imyaka myinshi karimo amakimbirane ashingiye ku mutekano, ku miyoborere no ku mitungo kamere. Umutwe wa Twirwaneho uvuga ko urwanira kurinda abaturage b’Abanyamulenge, mu gihe ubuyobozi bwa Congo buwufata nk’umutwe witwaje intwaro utemewe.

Uyu mutwe ukorana bya hafi na M23, umutwe wongeye kubura intwaro mu 2021. M23 ubu ibarizwa mu ihuriro rya Alliance Fleuve Congo (AFC) riyobowe na Corneille Nangaa, wahoze ayobora Komisiyo y’amatora muri RDC.

Inyungu z’ubukungu n’umutekano

Abasesenguzi mu bya politiki n’ubukungu bavuga ko aka gace gafite akamaro kanini bitewe n’imihora y’ubucuruzi n’amabuye y’agaciro. Uduce twa Point Zéro, Mukera, Mulima, Rwitsankuku, Nakisozi, Ndobo, Magaja, Lulimba, Kafugwe na Tujenge tuvugwaho kuba ingenzi mu kugenzura inzira zinyuzwamo amabuye y’agaciro ava muri Maniema na Sud-Kivu.

Teritwari ya Fizi ifite kandi ibyambu ku kiyaga cya Tanganyika, byoroshya ubuhahirane hagati ya RDC, u Burundi na Tanzaniya. Bamwe mu bahanga mu by’ubukungu bavuga ko imigendekere y’amabuye y’agciro muri aka gace ishobora kugira ingaruka ku isoko ry’ivunjisha mu karere.

Ibirego n’impaka mu rwego mpuzamahanga

Leta ya RDC ishinja u Rwanda gushyigikira M23, mu gihe u Rwanda rubihakana. Ku rundi ruhande, u Rwanda rushinja RDC n’u Burundi gukorana n’umutwe wa FDLR ugizwe n’abarwanyi barimo abakekwaho uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Hagati ya 2022 na 2025, amakuru aturuka mu nzego za Congo avuga ko u Burundi bwohereje ingabo ibihumbi byinshi mu burasirazuba bwa RDC mu rwego rwo gufasha FARDC kurwanya M23 n’indi mitwe yitwaje intwaro. Uruhare rw’u Burundi rwagiye ruvugwaho cyane mu bitangazamakuru no mu biganiro bya politiki.

Perezida w’u Burundi, Évariste Ndayishimiye, mu bihe bitandukanye yashimangiye ko ingabo z’igihugu cye zagiye muri RDC mu rwego rwo gufasha kugarura umutekano.

Ingaruka ku baturage

Abaturage bo muri Minembwe no mu nkengero zaho bavuga ko bakomeje guhura n’ingaruka zikomeye z’intambara zirimo guhunga, kubura ibiribwa n’imiti, ndetse no gutinya gusubira mu byabo. Imiryango imwe n’imwe yahungiye mu mashyamba cyangwa mu bindi bice bya Fizi.

Imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu yasabye ko impande zose zirwana zubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga arengera abasivili, cyane cyane kwirinda kurasa mu duce dutuwe n’abaturage.

Akarere kakomeje kuba indiri y’intambara

Imirwano iri kubera muri Minembwe ije yiyongera ku bibazo by’umutekano bimaze igihe mu burasirazuba bwa RDC. Nubwo habaye ibiganiro bya dipolomasi mu rwego rw’akarere no ku rwego mpuzamahanga, umutekano uracyari muke, kandi abaturage bakaba ari bo bakomeje kwishyura igiciro kinini cy’ayo makimbirane.

Kugeza ubu, haracyategerejwe ko inzego zirebwa n’iki kibazo zitangaza imibare yemewe y’abaguye muri iyo mirwano n’ingamba zafatwa mu kurinda abasivili.