U Rwanda rwamaganye ubutegetsi bwa M23

Kuri uyu wa Gatatu, Tariki ya 28 Gicurasi 2025 i Kampala muri Uganda, Mu nama ya 12 ku rwego rwo hejuru yahuje ibihugu bigize urwego rw’ubugenzuzi bw’amasezerano y’amahoro, umutekano n’ubufatanye mu karere ku gihugu cya Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), u Rwanda ruri mu bihugu 12 byamaganye ku mugaragaro ishyirwaho ry’ubutegetsi bubangikanye n’inyeshyamba za M23 mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.

Iyo nama izwi ku izina rya “Mécanisme Régional de Suivi de l’Accord-Cadre pour la Paix, la Sécurité et la Coopération pour la RDC et la Région”, yabereye i Entebbe muri Uganda iyobowe na Perezida Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, wari uyihagarariye nka Perezida w’igihugu cyakiriye inama.

U Rwanda mu bihugu byamaganye M23 n’Ubutegetsi Bwayo

U Rwanda, nubwo rushinjwa na RDC gufasha umutwe wa M23, rwashyize umukono ku mwanzuro wamagana “ubutegetsi bwiyise” M23 yashyizeho mu bice yafashe birimo Bunagana, Rutshuru na Kiwanja.

Ibi byakoze ku mitima ya benshi mu banyapolitiki bo muri RDC, bamwe bakabifata nk’uruhurirane rw’ubwiru n’uruhurirane rw’inyungu, abandi bakabibona nk’ikimenyetso cy’uko u Rwanda rushobora kuba rudasangiye imyumvire na M23.

Inama ya Entebbe: Imyanzuro y’ingenzi yafashwe

Mu byafatiwe imyanzuro muri iyi nama yitabiriwe n’abakuru b’ibihugu cyangwa intumwa zabo zo mu karere, harimo ibi bikurikira:

1. Kwamagana ubutegetsi bwashyizweho n’umutwe wa M23 nk’ubudafite ishingiro, budafite uburenganzira n’ubutumwa bwa rubanda, bugomba gusenywa bidatinze.
2. Gusaba ibihugu byose byo mu karere kureka gufasha imitwe yitwaje intwaro itera umutekano muke muri RDC, haba binyuze mu buryo bw’amafaranga, ibikoresho cyangwa abajyanama b’intambara.
3. Gushyigikira gahunda yiswe Nairobi Process na Luanda Roadmap mu kugarura amahoro arambye hagati ya RDC n’abarwanyi bahoze ari M23.
4. Kwibutsa ko umutwe wa FDLR n’indi mitwe yitwaje intwaro igizwe n’abanyamahanga igomba guhashywa burundu, cyane cyane iyo ifite inkomoko ku bihugu by’abaturanyi nka Uganda na Rwanda.
5. Gusaba Loni n’amahanga kongera gushyira imbaraga mu gushyigikira amasezerano y’amahoro no gushyigikira ibikorwa bya diplomasi mu kurwanya intambara zishingiye ku nyungu z’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro.

Intambara yo mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo: Inkomoko, uruhare rw’ibihugu n’ibirego biremereye

Uburasirazuba bwa RDC bumaze imyaka irenga 25 burangwamo urugomo rw’inyeshyamba, imitwe yitwaje intwaro ndetse n’abasirikare ba Leta. Muri iyi myaka ya vuba, umutwe wa M23 wongeye gufata indi ntera, ufata ibice binini byo muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru. Leta ya RDC ishinja u Rwanda kuwufasha, cyane cyane mu rwego rw’ibikoresho n’abarwanyi.

U Rwanda na rwo ruhakana ibyo birego, rugashinja RDC gukorana n’umutwe wa FDLR, igizwe n’abasize bakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. U Rwanda rukemeza ko uburenganzira bwarwo ku mutekano bwahungabanywa n’uko FDLR ikorera ku butaka bwa RDC kandi igakora ibitero byambukiranya umupaka.

Uganda yo ishinjwa na bamwe kuba yarakoreye ku mugaragaro ibiganiro n’abayobozi ba M23, ndetse n’ubufatanye bwa gisirikare na RDC bubarwa nk’ubujyanama bushobora kugira uruhare mu gufata ibyemezo bijyanye n’intambara.

Isura mpuzamahanga y’ikibazo

Ibihugu bikomeye ku isi n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, birimo Loni n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi, byagiye bisohora amatangazo byamagana ibikorwa by’umutwe wa M23, ndetse bisaba ko amahoro ashingiye ku biganiro agarurwa vuba.

Icyakora, ibirego by’impande zombi bikomeje kudindiza uburyo bwo kugera ku masezerano arambye, ndetse n’ibihano byafatiwe bamwe mu bayobozi b’imitwe irwana ntibyigeze bibangamira intambara ku buryo bugaragara.

Icyizere ku Masezerano y’Amahoro

Inama ya Kampala yasabye ko ibihugu byose byasinye amasezerano ya Addis Ababa yo mu 2013 ndetse n’andi ya nyuma nka Luanda Roadmap, byongera kwiyemeza kuyubahiriza, birinda gutiza umurindi imitwe yitwaje intwaro ndetse no guhungabanya umutekano wa RDC.

Kugeza ubu, icyizere cy’amahoro arambye kiracyari mu rujijo, ariko bamwe mu bayobozi b’inzego mpuzamahanga baravuga ko gushyira igitutu ku mpande zose no gushyira imbere ibiganiro aribyo bizafasha kurandura intandaro z’intambara irambye mu karere.