Umuti uvura Sida wabonetse umuntu wa mbere yakize
Umugore w’imyaka 32 witwa Anele ukomoka mu gace ka Umlazi mu ntara ya KwaZulu-Natal muri Afurika y’Epfo yamaze imyaka ibiri nta miti igabanya ubukana akoresha kandi virusi itera SIDA (HIV) nta na rimwe yigeze yongera kugaragara mu mubiri we.
Ubuzima bwe mbere yo kumenya ko yanduye
Anele yamenye ko yanduye virusi itera SIDA muri Gicurasi 2016 afite imyaka 23. Icyo gihe yari inkumi itangiye gukora ubuzima bwe bwite. Abaganga bamubwiye ko ibisubizo bye bigaragaza ko yanduye atangira gufata imiti igabanya ubukana (ARV).
Mu buhamya bwe bwatanzwe imbere y’abashakashatsi yibutse amarira yo muri uwo munsi agira ati: “Nabonye nk’umunsi w’iherezo ry’ubuzima bwanjye. Sinari nzi uko nzongera kubaho mu buzima busanzwe. Ndibuka nararize cyane kuko numvaga byose birangiye.”
Igeragezwa rishya ry’ubuvuzi
Mu 2022 Anele yinjiye mu igeragezwa rishya ry’ubuvuzi ryateguwe n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Ragon Institute gifatanyije na MIT na Harvard ryari rigamije gushaka uburyo bushya bwo guhashya virusi. Umuyobozi w’iryo geragezwa Prof. Krista Dong yasobanuye ko bakoresheje uburyo bita “kick and kill” bwo gusuzuma virusi yihishe mu mubiri hanyuma bakayica.
Umuti witwa vesatolimod nibo bakoreshaga bawuha abageragejwe kabiri mu cyumweru mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 20. Ku munsi wa 35 abitabiriye basabwe guhagarika imiti isanzwe ya ARV kugira ngo barebe niba virusi izagaruka.
Uko abageragejwe bitwaye
Abagore 20 ni bo bitabiriye igeragezwa. Hashize umwaka umwe abagore 16 bongeye kugaragarwaho virusi basubira ku miti. Batatu basigaye umwe virusi yagarutse nyuma y’igihe abandi babiri bahitamo gusubira ku miti ku bushake bwabo. Anele wenyine kugeza n’ubu imyaka itatu irashize nta muti afata kandi nta virusi igaragara mu mubiri we. Ibi byatumye afatwa nk’umugore wa mbere muri Afurika wagaragaje ko ashobora kuba akize burundu SIDA.
Ubutumwa bw’abashakashatsi
Ibyavuye muri iri geragezwa byatangajwe mu kinyamakuru cy’ubushakashatsi mpuzamahanga The Lancet bikaba byanditswe nk’inkuru ikomeye mu rugamba rwo guhashya SIDA. Prof. Dong yagize ati: “Iki ni intambwe ikomeye cyane. Birerekana ko gukiza SIDA bishoboka ndetse no muri Afurika aho ari ho hugaragara benshi banduye kurusha ahandi hose ku Isi.”
Impamvu Afurika iri mu ishusho nyamukuru
Abanduye HIV ku Isi bose bagera kuri miliyoni 40,8. 67% byabo batuye muri Afurika. Abagore n’abakobwa bato ni bo bagira ubwandu bwinshi kurusha abandi kuko 53% by’abanduye ari abagore kandi abenshi bandura bakiri munsi y’imyaka 23. Ariko ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko abagore bitabira igeragezwa rigamije gushaka umuti ari munsi ya 19%. Ibi bigaragaza ko hakiri icyuho mu guha ijambo n’ubufasha abagore mu rugendo rwo guhashya SIDA.
Ubutumwa bwa Anele
Nubwo yishimira intambwe yagezweho Anele avuga ko atifuza kumenyekana amazina yose kubera akato kakiri mu gace atuyemo agira ati: “Nubwo nishimira ko mfite amahirwe adasanzwe sinifuza ko abantu bose bahita bamenya amazina yanjye yose. Akato n’ivangura ku banduye HIV biracyari byinshi cyane mu gace mvukamo.”
Umusozo: Intambwe y’amateka
Kuva hatangira kurwanywa SIDA mu myaka ya 1980 abantu bake cyane ku Isi nibo babashije gukira burundu. Kugeza ubu ababarirwa mu 10 nibo basigaye bagaragaje gukira HIV ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Icyo cyegeranyo cyaturutse muri Afurika y’Epfo kije kwerekana ko ibyo bishoboka kandi byagerwaho no ku mugabane ufite abantu benshi banduye. Abashakashatsi bavuga ko urugendo rugikomeye ariko urugero rwa Anele rutanga icyizere cy’uko SIDA ishobora kuba amateka mu myaka iri imbere.
